Integrate HAL and LL Drivers in STM32CubeIDE for I2C Temperature Monitoring

Integrating HAL and LL Drivers in STM32CubeIDE for a Real-Time Temperature Monitoring System Using I2C with MPU6050

This tutorial will guide you through the process of integrating HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer) and LL (Low Layer) drivers in STM32CubeIDE to set up a real-time temperature monitoring system using the I2C protocol with the MPU6050 sensor. The MPU6050 is a popular 6-axis motion tracking device that also provides temperature readings.

Prerequisites

• Basic knowledge of embedded systems and C programming.
• STM32CubeIDE installed on your computer.
• An STM32 microcontroller board (e.g., STM32F4 series).
• MPU6050 sensor module.
• USB to UART converter (if not using built-in USB).
• Wires and breadboard for connections.

Parts/Tools

• STM32 microcontroller board
• MPU6050 sensor module
• STM32CubeIDE
• Wire and breadboard

Steps

1. Set Up STM32CubeIDE Project
   1. Open STM32CubeIDE and create a new STM32 project.
   2. Select your STM32 microcontroller (e.g., STM32F407VG).
   3. Choose the default settings and click on “Finish”.
2. Configure I2C Peripheral
   1. In the “Pinout & Configuration” tab, select the I2C peripheral.
   2. Assign the SDA and SCL pins (e.g., PB7 for SDA and PB6 for SCL).
   3. Set the I2C mode to “I2C” and configure the parameters (standard mode, 100kHz).
   4. Click on “Project”, then “Generate Code”.
3. Initialize HAL and LL Drivers
   1. Open the generated main.c file.
   2. Include the necessary headers for HAL and LL drivers:

   #include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
   #include "stm32f4xx_ll_i2c.h"

   3. In the main function, initialize HAL:

   HAL_Init();
   SystemClock_Config();

4. Configure MPU6050
   1. Create a function to initialize the MPU6050:

   void MPU6050_Init(void) {
       uint8_t check;
       uint8_t Data;
   
       // Check who am I
       HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&hi2c1, MPU6050_ADDR, WHO_AM_I_REG, 1, &check, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
       if (check == 0x68) {
           // Power up the MPU6050
           Data = 0;
           HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c1, MPU6050_ADDR, PWR_MGMT_1_REG, 1, &Data, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
       }
   }

   2. Call this function in your main loop after HAL initialization.
5. Read Temperature Data
   1. Create a function to read temperature data:

   float readTemperature() {
       uint8_t tempData[2];
       int16_t tempRaw;
   
       HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&hi2c1, MPU6050_ADDR, TEMP_OUT_H_REG, 1, tempData, 2, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
       tempRaw = (tempData[0] << 8) | tempData[1];
       return (tempRaw / 340.00) + 36.53; // Convert raw data to Celsius
   }

   2. Call the readTemperature function in the main loop and print the result via UART or a display.
6. Compile and Upload the Code
   1. Build your project and resolve any potential errors.
   2. Connect your STM32 board to your computer via USB or UART.
   3. Upload the code to the STM32 board using the STM32CubeIDE.

Troubleshooting

• Check Connections: Ensure that SDA and SCL lines are correctly connected to the MPU6050.
• Verify Power Supply: Make sure the MPU6050 is receiving the correct voltage (typically 3.3V).
• Debug I2C Communication: Use an oscilloscope or logic analyzer to check I2C signals if communication fails.
• Review Code: Double-check your code for any typos or incorrect register addresses.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you successfully integrated HAL and LL drivers to create a real-time temperature monitoring system using the MPU6050 sensor with I2C communication. This approach provides a good balance between ease of use and low-level control, making it ideal for embedded applications. You can expand this project further by incorporating additional sensors or integrating a user interface for better monitoring.